電梯是指服務于建筑物內若干特定的樓層，其轎廂運行在至少兩列垂直于水平面或與鉛垂線傾斜角小于15°的剛性軌道運動的運輸設備。也有臺階式，踏步板裝在履帶上連續運行，俗稱自動扶梯或自動人行道。服務于規定樓層的固定式升降設備。垂直升降電梯具有一個轎廂，運行在至少兩列垂直的或傾斜角小于15°的剛性導軌之間。

轎廂(xiang)：轎廂(xiang)是運(yun)送乘客和貨物的電梯組(zu)件(jian)，是電梯的工(gong)作(zuo)部分。轎廂(xiang)由轎廂(xiang)架和轎廂(xiang)體組(zu)成(cheng)。

門(men)系(xi)統：門(men)系(xi)統的主要(yao)功能是封(feng)住層(ceng)站入口和轎廂入口。門(men)系(xi)統由轎廂門(men)，層(ceng)門(men)，開門(men)機(ji)，門(men)鎖裝置組成。

重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量平(ping)衡(heng)系統(tong)：系統(tong)的(de)主要功能是相(xiang)對平(ping)衡(heng)轎廂(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量，在電梯工(gong)作中能使轎廂(xiang)與(yu)對重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量差保持在限額之內，保證電梯的(de)曳引(yin)傳動正(zheng)常(chang)。系統(tong)主要由對重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量補償裝置組成。

電(dian)力(li)拖(tuo)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)：電(dian)力(li)拖(tuo)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的功(gong)能(neng)是(shi)提供動(dong)(dong)力(li)，實(shi)行電(dian)梯速度控制。電(dian)力(li)拖(tuo)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)由曳(ye)引電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)，供電(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)，速度反饋裝置，電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)調速裝置等組成。

電氣控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)：電氣控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)的主要功能是對電梯的運行實行操縱(zong)和控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)。電氣控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)主要由操縱(zong)裝(zhuang)置，位置顯(xian)示裝(zhuang)置，控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)屏(柜)，平層裝(zhuang)置，選(xuan)層器(qi)等組成(cheng)。

安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)保護系統：保證電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)使用，防止(zhi)一(yi)切(qie)危及(ji)人身(shen)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)的事(shi)故發生。由(you)電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)限速器、安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)鉗、夾繩器、緩沖器、安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)觸板、層門(men)(men)門(men)(men)鎖、電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)窗、電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)超(chao)載限制裝(zhuang)置、限位開(kai)關(guan)裝(zhuang)置組成。